Oil-burner.



PAT-ENTED JUNE 4, 1907.

.L. A. BLUBAUGH.

OIL BURNER. APPLICATION FILED DBO. 3, 1897. RENEWED MAY 17, 1901.

TH E NORRIS PETERS ca. wnsumawu, u. c

1o ing hydrocarbon oil as fuel, and

TINTTE STATES LEEGORA A. BLUBAUGH, OF SAN FE PATENT FFTQE.

RNANDO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO BLUBAUGH BURNER COMPANY, OF LOS AN GELES, CALIFORNIA, A COR- PORATION OF CALIFORNIA.

OIL-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. June 4, 1907.

Application filed December 3, 1897. Renewed May 1'7, 1901. Serial No- 60,780.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEEGORA A. BLU- BAUGI-I, a citizen of the United States, residing at San Fernando, in the county of Los 5 r ngeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Oil-Burners, of which the following is a specilication.

This invention relates to means for utilizarticularly to such means which may be user either with lighter hydrocarbons, such as gasolene, naphtha or distillate, or with heavy, crude, asphaltic hydrocarbon oils which contain a I 5 large percentage of asphaltum, minerals and impurities, and which are thick and heavy.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a burner which may be used either with such lighter grades of hydrocarbon oil, or with such heavy, crude oil, and with either will be found positive, durable and efficient in operation, and with the use of which all liability of the clogging of the burner, or of the caking, coking or the carbonizing of the 25 liquid supplied as fuel, will be avoided, and

with which all asphal tum, minerals or impurities contained in the oil will be carried out of the burner, and all the combustible particles thereof completely consumed, avoiding the deposit on or in any part of the burner of any Irv-product or residuum which might tend to seriously reduce the eflicacy of the burner.

Another object of the invention is to pro vide means for effectively, safely and economically burning oil such as gasolene or crude asphaltum oil by feeding the same simultaneously with water into a receptacle where the oil and water are heated and mixed and the vapor or product arising therefrom admixed with air.

A further object is to make provision for distributing the oil and for temporarily retaining an excess of oil and water as in starting the burner.

for sulliciently heating heavy oil, will in general supply too much heat for light oil. I therefore pro vide means for supplying heavy oil at the rear or intake end of the chute, so

1 other connection may be made instantly and while the burner is in operation.

Further objects of the invention are to pro vide damper or deflector means; to provide a water jacket for the li ht oil supply pipe to prevent the heating thereof before introduction to the vaporizing chamber or retort; and various other objects hereinafter appear from the detail description of construction and operation.

To these ends, the invention consists in the combination with a lire-box of a receptacle to hold liquid fuel in the fire-box, means for supplying oil and water to said receptacle, and a conduit for supplying air to the products which rise from the liquid contained in the receptacle, combustion space being provided in the lire-box around the receptacle whereby the body of liquid fuel may he effectually and. safely subjected to the heat generated by the combustion in the fire-box, and oxygen will be directly supplied to the hydrocarbon vapors which arise from such liquid; and in providing means for intermlnghng water with the oil supplied to said receptacle.

In case of impurities in the oil, or the pres ence therein of asphaltum or minerals the same are carried up in suspension by vapor from the water and will pass over the low wall and out of the receptacle and into the fire-box, and being intermingled with the hydro-oxygenio vapors from the Water and air, all the combustible particles thereof are entirely consumed and the ash precipitated on the bottom of the fire-box in the form of a readily removable powder.

The invention consists further in a hydrocarbon burner comprising an air conduit, a shallow receptacle for liquid fuel, said receptacle having a low wall over which the products or vapor from liquid in said receptacle escape, and means for supplying oil and Wa- Ioo ' the chamber C at a.

stood by reference to the accompanying ter to said receptacle, said conduit being tapered toward said wall and constructed and arranged to direct a current of air into the products from the liquid in said receptacle, and to discharge air with such products or vapors.

The invention consists further in the constructions and in general and specific combinations of parts all as hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

The invention will be morereadily underdrawings forming part of this specification in which Figure 1 is a perspective, longitudinal, midsectional view of my improved burner in a stove, a fragment of which is shown. Fig.2 is an elevation of the larger rear or outer end of the burner. Fig. 3 is an elevation looking at the inner or front end of the burner. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal, mid-section on line 14 Figs. 2 and 3. Fig. 5 is a View of my burner showing the same in a horizontal position and of a modified form.

As shown in the drawings, A indicates an inclined air chute, or conduit, closed at top, bottom and sides, and open at the front end and provided with an air inlet at the rear end, and provided at its lower or front end with an air deflector B, which is composed of a damper, an open space I) being left between it and the floor a of the chute, through which open space I) the air may pass from the cham ber of the chute out therefrom. The damper is carried by pivots b and adjusted by a screw threaded rod 1) controlled by a thumb screw 6 which turns in a bearing 2. i

C is a chamber with outlet 0 at the top thereof below the lower edge of the deflector B, the floor a preferably extending over the outlet from the chamber C.

D indicates a bead or wall, and (Z a lip on the top of oil chamber C which together form a receptacle or shallow cup adapted to retain liquid below the level of the deflector B and below the opening of the chamber C the lip cl extending under the lower end of the floor a of the air chute. The bead D constitutes a low wall over which the vapor arising from the chamber C flows.

E and E indicate pipes which serve as means for feeding oil to the burner. The pipe E feeds oil directly into the upper end of Pipe E is arranged to feed oil into the chute A above the floor 01, thereof. E is a valve for controlling the flow of oil into the burner.

F indicates a water-pipe to the chute.

Gr indicates a basin with an open mouth or top in front of and below the shallow receptacle or cup formed by the bead or wall D and for feeding water the lip d. This basin G catches any oil which may flow over the bead D so that when the I oil is ignited, the flame thereof Wlll andheat the bead D and the lower end of the chute. This basin G forms a convenient starting-pan for starting the burner into op eration.

H indicates a distributer with channel it for distributing the deflecting oil from the oil pipe E evenly over the floor a to the chute.

IL is a thumb-nut for adjustably holding the distributer.

a is a water-chamber formed beneath the floor a of the chute and through which the oil pipe E passes. This chamber a performs a double function, serving not only as a water jacket for the oil-pipe E, so as to prevent the heating of the oil in the pipe E during the passage of oil therethrough, but also as a water supply chamber being provided with outlets 0/ near the upper end of the floor a, through which outlets water from the chamber a is communicated on to the floor a of the chute, flowing down over the surface of said floor and intermingling with the oil precipitated thereon from'the distributer, H.

By preference, for convenience of construction, the rear and upper end a of the water-chamber is open. When the burner is set as shown in Fig. 4, the rear wall (1, extends above the level of the upper edge of the floor a. I

f indicates a valve to control the flow of water through pipe F.

In practice, the burner can be used to burn the light or heavy oil. In case it is desired to burn gasolene or other light oil, such oil is supplied through the pipe E to flow above the chamber G into the receptacle or cup formed in front of the bead or low wall D and over such low wall into the basin G. It is there ignited. Water is allowed to flow into the chamber a and soon the heated air begins to flow through the chute and the burner is in operation. If light oil is used, it will ordinarily after the burner is started, be fed in at pipe E, and if heavy oil is used, .it will ordinarily be fed in at pipe E. The dis tributer may be dispensed with Without departing from my invention.

Then the burner is in operation, the water from chamber a will be more or less heated and will be supplied to the chute at a raised temperature and the lighter oil which flows through pipe E will be vaporized in chamber C and the vapors will rise and flow out through the opening or outlet 0 of the chamber C so that the air which passes through beneath the deflector B will be directed into and intermingled with the vapors which pass from the chamber 0.

In Fig. 5 T have shown my burner in a horizontal position in which position it may be readily used. In this figure I have illustrated one way in which to use steam with my burner if desired. A steam-pipe J leads into the chute A which is closed at the rear ascend 1 end. and is supplied with air through the airpipe K. However, I do not recommend the use of steam, for its use is ordinarily unnecessary and undesirable, and in using my burner with water and oil in this horizontal position, the rear end, of the chute A would be left open.

In Fig. 5, the floor of the chute is shown horizontal and the flow of oil and water is induced by the pressure of gravity in the supply-pipes E and. E. In this view the deflector B is shown integral with the top of the chute. Separate valves 6 e are shown for controlling the flow of oil through the oil pipes E E.

When this burner is used for burning heavy crude asphaltum oil, such for instance as the California crude oil, containing minerals and impurities, I have found that as the oil from the oil pipe E intermingles on the floor a of the chute with the water from the chamber a, and flows down into the shallow receptacle formed by the low wall or bead D and the lip d and thence fills the chamber 0, that the vaporization of such intermingled oil and water will carry up in. suspcnsionthe minerals and impurities contained in the oil and such vapor carrying such minerals and impurities be ing discharged over the low wall D and intermingled with air through the air outlet I), forms a vapor which entirely consumes all the combustible particles contained in such crude oil before the minerals or im purities can be precipitated on to any part of the burner or fire-box so that all possibility of.

carbonization is prohibited and so that there is no possibility of the formation of any thick, heavy, sticky residuum in the chamber C or behind the lip, or low wall or bead D, and on the lip (Z which would tend to clog the operating parts of the burner and render its ope ration ineffective.

The wall or bead D must not be too high, as if it is, it serves to deflect the vapor upward and prrmits the precipitation of the ash into the receptacle formed by the wall D and lip (Z and if the wall D be extended upward to a considerable height, there is a liability of condensation and precipitation of the minerals and impurities carried by the vapor, into the 'eceptacle forme d back of such wall D. This low wall D forming a shallow cup or receptacle retains a sufhcient amount of ininsure their thorough termingle d wat r and oil to keep the burner in operation ining such mingled water nd oil until j vaporize. By forming the air inlet chamber so that it tapers toward its outlet, a much stronger draft of air is provided and a much greater quantity of air supplied to the vapor or products arising from the rcce tacle formed by the low wall or bead D and t lip (Z. I have found by thus tapering the chamber of the air inl t that such chamb r will .indu the delivery of a suflioient quantity of oxygen to the vapors to combustion, while if 0 the air lnlet be not tapered, such result can not be obtained to the desired degree.

Now having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters-Patent is 1. An oil-burner comprising an air-chute closed at the sides and open at the front end and with air-inlet at the rear end, and pro vided at the front end with an air-deflector arran ed with open space between the lower edge of the deflector and the floor of the chute; a chamber with outlet below the level of the lower edge of the deflector; means for temporarily retaining liquid in. front of the opening of such chamber; means for feeding oil to said chamber; and. means for feeding water to such liquid-retainin g device.

2. An oil-burner comprising a chute open at the front end and with air-inlet at the rear end, and provided at its front end with a deilector with open space between the deflector and the floor of the chute,- means in front of the deflector for temporarily retaining liquids," means for feeding liquid fuel to the burner; and a basin with open mouth in front of such liquid-retaining device.

3. An airchute open at the front an 5 with air-inlet at the rear end, and provide:

1. at its front end with a downwardly sloping air-d eflector; a water-chamber underneath the floor of the chute; an oil-chamber at the front end of the chute with outlet therefrom below the level of the deflector; a pipe extending through the water-chamber to feed oil into the oil-chamber; means for feeding water into the water-chamber; and outlet from the water-chamlmr to the top of the floor of the chute.

4. The air-chute provided with waterchamber under its floor with means to supply water to such chamber and with outlet provided to feed water from such chamber onto the floor of the chute; and means for feeding oil to the chute.

5. The air-chute with water-chamber under its floor, one or moreoutlets being provided from such chamber to feed water onto the floor of the chute, and means for feodin oil to the burner.

6. An oil-burner comprisin a chute, a water-retaining device and an oil-chamber, said chute and chamber communicating with the water-retaining devlce; me

i s for I water to said device; and means for ie oil either to the chute or to the chamber.

7. An oil-burner comprising chute, a water-retaining device and an oil-chamber, said chute and chamber communicating with the water-retaining device; means for feeding water to said device, an adjustable deflector within the chute; means for feeding oil either to the chute or to the chamber.

8. An oil-burner comprising a chut wator-retaining device, an oil-chamber, and a basin in front of the water-retaining device,

&

said chute and chamber communicating with the device; means for feeding water to the device; and means for feeding oil either to the chute or to the chamber and to the basin.

9. An oil-burn er comprising a chute, a water-retaining device and an oil-chamber, said chute and chamber communicating with said device; an oil-inlet for said. chute and chamber, respectively; a spreader for the inlet to the chute; a water-jacket for the inlet to the chamber; and means for conveying water from the jacket to the water-retaining device.

10. An oil-burner comprising a chute, a water-retaining device,'and an oil-chamber, the floor of the chute overlapping the top of the chamber and forming therewith a long narrow outlet for the chamber; an adjustable deflector within the chute adjacent to said outlet; means for fee-din g water to the water retaining device; and means for feeding oil either to the chute or to the chamber.

11. An oil-burner comprising a chute, the inner end of which is provided with a basin and an oil-chamber, thetop of the chamber projecting at its lower edge partially over the basin and provided with a bead and the upper edge extending under the floor ol' the chute and forming therewith a long narrow outlet; an adjustable deflector within the chute adjacent .to said outlet; means for feec ing water to the top of the chamber adjacent to the bead; and means for feeding oil either to the chute or to the chamber and to the basin.

12. The combination of a fire-box having a draft-inlet and a draft-outlet; an open ended oil-and-air chute closed at top, sides and bottom, and inclined downward and opening into the fire-box; means for feeding oil into such chute; a damper at the lower inner end of the chute; and means for supplying water to the oil in the chute.

13. The combination of the fire-box having a draft-inlet and a draft-outlet; an open ended oil-and-air chute closed at top, sides and bottom and inclined downward to discharge into the fire-box and tapering toward the discharge; means for feeding oil to the chute; means for supplying water to theoil; and means at the lower end of the chute ior temporarily holding oil and water.

14. The combination of the lire-box having a draft-inlet and draft-outlet; an open ended oil-anrbair chute closed at top, sides and bottom, and inclined downward to introduce oil and. air into the fire-box; an oildistributer arranged in the chute to distribute the oil across the chute; means for feeding oil to the distributer; and means for supplying water to the oi 15. An oil burner comprising an inclined air chute closed at sides, top and. bottom and open at the ends, an adjustable damper in said chute, a shallow receptacle at the lower end of the chute for retaining oil and water,

l l l l said receptacle having a low wall at its forward end over which air from the chute will intermingle with the vapor arising from the receptacle, a regulable oil supply means for supplying and distributing oil in said. chute and a regulable water supply means to supply and distribute water on the floor ol' the chute.

16. In a burner, a downwardly inclined air-chute open at both ends and having an oil supply means at its upper end, a distributing plate arranged beneath said oil supply means, and water supply means opening into the chute beneath the distributer plate.

17. A burner comprising a downwardly inclined air chute open. at both ends, a retaining cup or receptacle at the lower end of the chute, an adjustable deflector in said chute, an oil supply connection at the upper end of the chute above the deflector, a water supply connection at the upper end of the chute and an oil supply connection at the lower end of the chute.

18. A burner comprising a downwardly inclined air chute, a slanting air deflector whose lower front edge is arranged to leave a narrow slot-like opening between it and the floor oi. the chute, an oil retaining receptacle at the lower end of the chute, having a low front wall and a lip extending rearwardly under the floor of the chute, an oil supply connection to the chute above the deflector and an oil supply connection to lip of the receptacle.

19. An oil burner comprising a downwardly inclined air chute having at its lower end a narrow slot-like opening, a receptacle at the lower end of the chute having a low retaining wall and a lip extending rearwardly under said opening, means for supplying oil to the chute above said opening, and means for supplying oil to the lip below said opening, and in front of said retaining wall.

20. An oil burner comprising an air chute, pipe connections leading respectively to the rear and forward ends thereof and a water jacket for the pipe connection to the forward end, said water jacket commun'icatingon to the floor of said chute near the rear end. thereof.

21. An oil burner comprising a chute provided with a water chamber, and two oil pipe connections, one of which extends through and discharges its oil below the chamber and the other one discharges its oil over the chamber.

22. An oil burner comprising a chute pro vided with a water-chamber, two oil pipes, one of which projects through and discharges its oil below the chamber and the other de- 1 livers its oil over the chamber, a supply pipe common to both of said oilpipes, and means for directing the oil from the supply-pipe to either one of the oil-pipes.

23. An oil burner comprising a chute pro- I vided with two chambers at its bottom, one of which is for water and the other one for oil, one of said chambers communicating with the main portion of the chute, a water supply connection leading to the water chamber, an oil supply connection leading to the oil chamber, and an oil supply connection leading to the chute, and an oil supply pipe having valved connections with each of said oil connections, the top of the oil chamber being provided with a retaining wall and said top being inclined to form with said wall a receptacle for retaining oil and water.

24. An air conduit, a shallow receptacle for liquid fuel, said receptacle having a low wall over which the products from liquid in the receptacle may escape, and means for supplying oil and water to the receptacle; said conduit being constructed and arranged to direct a current of air into products which may escape from the surface of the liquid in the receptacle.

25. An air conduit, a shallow receptacle for liquid fuel, said receptacle having a low wall over which the products from liquid in said receptacle may escape, and means for supplying oil and water to said receptacle, said conduit being tapered toward said wall and constructed and arranged to direct a current of air into the products arising from the liquid in said receptacle.

26. A burner comprising a downwardly inclined air chute open at both ends, a retaining cup or receptacle at the lower end of the chute, an oil supply connection at the upper end of the chute, a water supply connection at the upper end of the chute and an oil supply connection at the lower end of the chute.

27. An oil burner comprising a chute, the bottom of which is hollow and divided into two chambers by means of a transverse partition, each chamber communicatin near its upper end with the main portion of the chute, a pipe communicating with each chamber, one of which extends entirely through the chamber with which it does not communicate, and an oil pipe communicating with the main portion of the chute.

28. An oil burner comprising an inclined chute, the bottom of which is hollow and divided into two chambers by means of a transverse partition, the top of the upper chamber being perforated near its upper end and the top of the lower chamber being formed of two overlapping portions, whereby a space is formed which extends transversely across the chute, a pipe communicating with each chamber, one of which extends entirely through the chamber with which it does not communicate, a pipe communicating with the main portion of the chute, and a damper between the space and the perforations.

LEEGORA A. BLUBAUGH.

\Vitnesses:

JAMES R. TOWNSEND, W. C. MAIR. 

